The end goal of any for-profit business is to earn a profit. For a charitable organization, it might be to serve a certain number of people. For a political party, it could be to secure a certain number of votes from a specific demographic. The thing that is common for every organization is the need to achieve one, or a few, defined goals/results.
There are countless ways in which that goal can be achieved, and just as many countless variables that have a direct impact on how efficiently an organization is able to achieve those goals. A lot of business owners will stress over their marketing efforts, their outreach programs, or even the skill level of the employees that they hire, but they seldom notice the impact of the managers, team leaders, directors, and other staff in leadership roles. In the world of business, it is the management positions that get the highest salary. Not because they lift the heaviest weights or work the longest hours, but because their work has an impact on the output of dozens, hundreds, or even thousands of employees that report to them.
The Importance Of Leadership
If you are leading a team of managerial staff in your business, it is important that you look at how good these individuals are, not in their technical roles, but in their role as a leader. If you are the leader in your organization, you might have great skills in your specific field, but if you don’t have the right leadership qualities, your entire team will pay the price. There comes a point in every entrepreneur’s journey where they have to start hiring professionals. These are individuals who are better at the same things that the founder used to do in the early days of the organization, but even today, they take directions from that same founder. This is the reality of every kind of organization. The person at the very top of the hierarchy isn’t the smartest, sharpest, or most knowledgeable person in the organization, but he or she is the best leader.
The way the leader handles their own work and the way in which they interact with the rest of the team sets the foundation for the entire business. Time and time again you will see examples of companies that went from being small-time businesses to being billion-dollar companies just because they finally got a leader who had the vision to scale operations to that level. Many times you will see examples of entire countries that lost everything they had just because a corrupt leader had the opportunity to head that country for just a few years.
Generally, the work a person does is compensated for according to the number of hours that they put in or the amount of calculable work that they do. For a leader, it is all about the quality of work rather than the quantity of work. With a high-quality leader, the work quality and quantity of the rest of the team will rise. This is why leadership is the most important consideration for any kind of organization. Here is a look at some of the most common styles of leadership that is used today along with their pros and cons.
1. Laissez-faire Leadership
‘Laissez-faire’ is a French term that literally translates to ‘let them do’. As you might think, this is a managerial approach that gives employees freedom, authority, and the space to make their own decisions. It is an approach to leadership in which the leader plays a very passive, background role and lets the employees manage their tasks on their own accord. In some cases, this can be the best way to boost productivity because you let employees explore new techniques and discover what works best for them. In other cases, it can cost the business quite a bit of money. This is an approach that is more common in small business organizations and in organizations where the role of the employees is hard to pin down to a certain role.
Usually, in smaller organizations, a small number of people are doing a lot of different tasks. Oftentimes, one task will be done by different people depending on who is available. In such organizations, there is often a defined goal that needs to be achieved but there is no set process for how that goal will be achieved.
Pros :
- It has a high employee retention rate
- Gives employees to work and learn at their own pace
- Gives employees a lot of creative freedom
- Reduces the workload for the manager
Cons:
- Employees who lack discipline can easily get sidetracked and tasks can be delayed significantly
- Processes are inefficient because everyone is doing things at their own pace and the business suffers
- There is no homogeneity in processes because everyone does things in their own way. This can make things rather expensive in terms of both money and time.
2. Democratic Leadership
Just like a democratic political system, democratic leadership aims to take on board the input of all the different stakeholders in a decision before finalizing a strategy. Again, this is an approach that is more commonly found in businesses that give their employees a bit more room and are open to hearing new ideas. In a highly structured environment such as the army or in businesses that have very strictly defined processes and rigid systems, there is no space for a democratic system. However, certain things within the democratic system can actually cause inefficiency and slow things down. For instance, if the majority votes for an option that might not be the most efficient, the management is obliged to follow the solution that got the most votes, and consequently they would be giving up the most efficient solution simply because not enough people voted for it.
Pros:
- It helps to make employees feel included
- Leaders and management are exposed to fresh and new ideas
- It gives a good representation of the thoughts, ideas, and feelings of everyone in the ecosystem
Cons:
- It is not always the most efficient when it comes to selecting the right method
- It can be time-consuming to get everyone’s opinion
- It can be hard to manage this kind of leadership style is very large organizations
- It also requires people within the ecosystem to manage their relationships and accept each other’s opinions.
3. Servant Leadership
Servant leadership is a slightly less known form of leadership but it is a concept that has been around for well over a century. The idea behind servant leadership is primarily to create a solid relationship with the team that you are managing. When people are appointed as directors or CEOs or in any other major leadership position, they get a lot of authority through that position. On the contrary, there are some people who have power because they have solid relationships with other members of the organization, even if they don’t have formal authority over these people. The servant-leader strives to have authority rather than power. The Definitive Guide to Servant Leadership goes into detail about how exactly leaders are able to develop this authority. However, the important point is that when it comes to altering the behavior and thoughts of a person, or a team, a person who has power is often far more effective than a person who just has authority.
Pros:
- Helps leaders to create a long-lasting impact by altering the thoughts of their followers at a deeper level
- It allows leaders to build a very high level of trust with their team and pursue tasks that would otherwise be far too risky
- It can change people in ways that monetary benefits or fringe benefits cannot change them
Cons:
- It takes time to develop this kind of authority over people
- This is more of a trait that is inherent in certain people rather than a skill that leaders can learn
- It is difficult to apply this leadership to a large group of people because there are only so many people that a person can interact with at a personal level
4. Transformational Leadership
Transformational leadership is all about pushing boundaries and exploring new territories. Leaders who take this approach want their employees to get out of their comfort zone and try things that will benefit them at an individual level and eventually also benefit the business. People who have developed businesses and have really taken big strides in entrepreneurship have done so using this strategy. At the end of the day, the business is a team effort, and when everyone is constantly growing and evolving the business also continues to grow and expand.
Pros:
- Promotes employee growth and helps a business get a lot more done with the same group of people
- It is highly motivating for employees and it is great for up-skilling the workforce
- Helps to create a culture of hard work and consistent growth while also developing healthy competition between employees
Cons:
- It can be very taxing for employees that aren’t able to keep up with the rate of growth
- Can be challenging to implement in environments where there is a significant difference in communication, style, education, or vision between the leader and employees
- Employees can start cutting corners just because they are in a rush to reach a new milestone, and they don’t want to develop a bad image of being someone who drags the entire team down
5. Coach-style leadership
This is a slightly more refined version of the transformational leader. The coach-style leader will also want employee development; they will want their team members to grow as individuals, but the way they tackle this problem will be much slower, and the aim will be more long-term. Rather than rushing them to get things done, they will create small milestones and also give them the resources and the support they need to reach that next goal. This is a technique that is used by big businesses to help scale their operations. However, it is still a fantastic technique that smaller businesses can employ in their own capacity. This is great for a leader who doesn’t mind investing in his or her employees and is committed to sticking to them in the long run.
Pros:
- Helps develop employee skills which consequently means the leader has very strong relationships with the team
- It can generate very high retention rates because the employees feel a deep sense of belonging to the company
- Employees are willing to try much harder to achieve their goals because they subconsciously want to impress their coach
Cons:
- It can be quite taxing for the business owner because it requires a lot of work, a lot of hours, and requires them to manage a lot of personal relationships
- It is a significant investment of time so when an employee packs up and leaves it can be quite a loss for the company
- This is something that can take quite some time. Some employees learn faster than others so leaders have to manage things at an individual level
6. Transactional Leadership
Transactional leadership is the most common kind of leadership that we see today. Employees are simply awarded for the work they do and nothing more. They are not required to be part of
the ecosystem or do anything that is beyond their scope of work. For certain situations, this can be a highly efficient way of management but in other cases, it can be quite counterproductive. Since it is a straightforward style of management that doesn’t need very deep or complicated relationships between the leader and the employees, it is easy for businesses to use this style.
Pros:
- It is very easy to implement for a business and very easy to understand for employees
- It helps a business to better manage and forecast their finances as they are only compensating a worker for the work they do. There is no concept of fringe benefits. Everything is clearly structured according to money
- For employees that are getting the right compensation and the work is suited to their needs, this can help create long term relationships
Cons:
Most employees will feel quite alienated in such an environment. They are simply putting in the hours to get a paycheck at the end of the month
The quality of work can be low because workers feel disconnected from what they are doing and they are just going through the motions
Employees are very sensitive to price changes and employee retention can be very low
In reality, the best leadership style is one that addresses the needs of the businesses and is able to fulfill the requirements of the employees and the leaders at that particular time. For most businesses, different types of leadership styles will be needed at different times. However, more than just the style that is employed, it is also important for a business leader to understand how efficiently they are implementing a certain strategy. Some people will naturally be better at implementing a certain style, so leaders should focus on implementing styles that they can use best.